{"id":307,"date":"2026-09-21T16:00:26","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T16:00:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/?p=307"},"modified":"2026-09-21T16:00:26","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T16:00:26","slug":"considering-people-power-through-the-idea-of-revolutions-under-international-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/2026\/09\/21\/considering-people-power-through-the-idea-of-revolutions-under-international-law\/","title":{"rendered":"CONSIDERING \u2018PEOPLE POWER\u2019 THROUGH THE IDEA OF REVOLUTIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/2026\/08\/27\/2026-edition\/\">Volume 1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-post-title has-xx-large-font-size\">CONSIDERING \u2018PEOPLE POWER\u2019 THROUGH THE IDEA OF REVOLUTIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW<\/h2>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><br><br>Ruby Rosselle L. Tugade<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\" style=\"font-style:normal;font-weight:700\"><strong>DOI:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:5px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center is-style-default\" style=\"padding-right:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50);padding-left:var(--wp--preset--spacing--50)\">In David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, the Philippine Supreme Court referenced an oft-quoted phrase usually invoked in debates on defining terrorism: \u201cOne country\u2019s terrorist is another country\u2019s freedom fighter.\u201d What follows is an inventory of contexts\u00ad and individuals who have been dubbed by state authorities as terrorists, when they have been remembered more widely as revolutionaries or freedom fighters. The list includes Nelson Mandela, who was incarcerated for his anti-apartheid activism before becoming the first democratically elected president of South Africa. Today, Mandela\u2019s imprint on international law is undeniable; the \u201csoft law\u201d instrument known as the Nelson Mandela Rules prescribe the minimum standards for the treatment of persons deprived of liberty.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:5px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-a89b3969 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/67\/2026\/09\/05-CONSIDERING-\u2018PEOPLE-POWER-THROUGH-THE-IDEA-OF-REVOLUTIONS-UNDER-INTERNATIONAL-LAW.pdf\"><strong>R<\/strong>EAD MORE<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:100px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Volume 1 Ruby Rosselle L. Tugade DOI: In David v. Macapagal-Arroyo, the Philippine Supreme Court referenced an oft-quoted phrase usually invoked in debates on defining terrorism: \u201cOne country\u2019s terrorist is another country\u2019s freedom fighter.\u201d What follows is an inventory of contexts\u00ad and individuals who have been dubbed by state authorities as terrorists, when they have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":120,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"article","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[10],"class_list":["post-307","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articles","tag-volume-1"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/120"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=307"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":310,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/307\/revisions\/310"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=307"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=307"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new-pages.upd.edu.ph\/ilsj\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=307"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}